How does lead dust get created in homes?
Lead dust generation from paint deterioration and friction
Friction and impact are the primary culprits. When painted surfaces rub or bang—like windows sliding in their tracks, doors closing in frames, or stairs and railings seeing daily wear—lead paint can break down into fine dust. This dust settles on floors and sills or becomes airborne, where it can be inhaled or ingested by children. Even tiny amounts—less than a teaspoon, about the size of a sugar packet—can cause serious harm.
High-risk locations to monitor
- Windows and sash channels (opening/closing causes grinding)
- Door edges and frames (constant impact and rubbing)
- Stairs, railings, and banisters (heavy traffic and contact)
- Exterior painted surfaces (weathering creates chips and dust that migrate indoors)
Action steps for owners and investors
- Stabilize deteriorated paint and address friction points; consider window replacement where feasible.
- Use lead-safe work practices, contain work areas, and clean with HEPA vacuums.
- Conduct clearance dust-wipe testing after work and at unit turn to verify safety.
- Educate residents on wet cleaning of floors and sills to keep dust levels low.
Reducing friction and confirming results with clearance tests are the most reliable ways to control lead dust in Cleveland’s older rentals.
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